Feeding your cat or kitten correctly is one of the most important decisions you'll make as a pet owner. Unlike dogs, cats are obligate carnivores with unique nutritional needs, and their feeding schedules differ significantly depending on their age, health status, and lifestyle. Getting the frequency and portion sizes right can prevent obesity, malnutrition, and digestive issues whilst supporting optimal health throughout their lives. In this guide, I'll help you understand exactly how often your feline friend should eat.
Kitten Feeding: Building a Strong Foundation
Kittens have dramatically different nutritional requirements than adult cats. They're growing rapidly and need more calories, protein, and essential nutrients per kilogramme of body weight.
- 8 weeks to 6 months: Feed 3-4 times daily. Their stomachs are small and their energy demands are high. Portion sizes should be roughly 25-30g of quality kitten food per meal.
- 6 months to 1 year: Transition to 2-3 times daily. Gradually reduce portion sizes as growth slows, aiming for around 40-50g per meal.
- 12 months onwards: Switch to adult feeding schedules (see below).
Always feed kitten-specific food formulated with higher protein and calcium levels. The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) guidelines recommend minimum 30% crude protein for kittens.
Adult Cat Feeding Schedules
Once your cat reaches adulthood (usually around 12 months), you have two main feeding approaches:
Twice-daily feeding: This is the most common recommendation and works well for most cats. Feed once in the morning and once in the evening, roughly 8-12 hours apart. This approach mimics natural hunting patterns and helps maintain stable energy levels throughout the day.
Once-daily feeding: Some adult cats thrive on a single meal daily, particularly if they're indoor cats with lower activity levels. However, veterinarians generally prefer twice-daily feeding as it's gentler on the digestive system and helps prevent overeating.
The average adult cat requires 200-250 calories daily, though this varies based on weight, activity level, and metabolism. Most commercial cat foods provide roughly 80-100 calories per 30g serving, so adjust portions accordingly.
Free Feeding vs Scheduled Feeding
Pet owners often ask whether they should leave food out continuously (free feeding) or offer meals at specific times.
- Free feeding risks: Promotes overeating, weight gain, and makes it difficult to monitor appetite changes that might indicate illness.
- Scheduled feeding benefits: Better portion control, easier health monitoring, and helps establish routine for indoor cats.
I recommend scheduled feeding for most cats. It gives you valuable insight into their eating habits and allows early detection of health problems.
Senior Cats and Special Considerations
Cats aged 7+ years may benefit from adjusted feeding schedules. Some senior cats eat smaller amounts more frequently due to digestive changes or dental issues. Consider increasing feeding frequency to 3 small meals daily if your older cat seems hungrier or has difficulty digesting larger portions.
Cats with specific health conditions—diabetes, kidney disease, or digestive sensitivities—may require customised feeding schedules recommended by your veterinary surgeon.
Signs Your Feeding Schedule Needs Adjustment
- Rapid weight gain or loss
- Changes in appetite or thirst
- Vomiting after meals
- Lethargy or excessive hyperactivity
- Digestive issues or changes in litter box habits
If you notice any of these signs, consult your vet and consider adjusting meal frequency or portion sizes.
Key Takeaways
Feed kittens 3-4 times daily until 6 months, then reduce to 2-3 times until adulthood. Adult cats thrive on twice-daily scheduled feeding, whilst senior cats may benefit from more frequent, smaller meals. Always choose age-appropriate food, monitor portion sizes carefully, and watch for appetite changes. When in doubt, your veterinary surgeon can recommend a personalised feeding plan tailored to your individual cat's needs, ensuring they maintain optimal health throughout their lives.